Major Directions in Populism Studies: Is There Room for Culture?


Abstract


The article highlights the absence of a cultural dimension in the academic literature of populism and advocates in favor of studying grassroots social movements as the primary milieu where culture interacts with populist mobilization. Beginning with an original classification of existing schools of thought on populism that uses the historical figure of William Jennings Bryan as a conceptual yardstick, it moves on to lay out a framework for cultural analysis through the lens of collective action frame theory, based on an understanding of populism as a discursive mode of political identification.

DOI Code: 10.1285/i20356609v13i1p59

Keywords: populism; populist social movements; discourse; culture; collective action framing

References


Abromeit, J. (2017), “A Critical Review of Recent Literature on Populism”, Cogitatio, 5(4): 177–186.

Argesinger, P.H. (1974), Populism and Politics: William Alfred Peffer and the People’s Party, Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky.

Aslanidis, P. (2016a), “Populist Social Movements of the Great Recession”, Mobilization: An International Journal, 21(3): 301–321.

Aslanidis, P. (2016b), “Is Populism an Ideology? A Refutation and a New Perspective”, Political Studies, 64(IS): 88–104.

Aslanidis, P. (2017), “Avoiding Bias in the Study of Populism”, Chinese Political Science Review, 2(3): 266–287.

Aslanidis, P. (2018), “Populism as a Collective Action Master Frame for Transnational Mobilization”, Sociological Forum, 33(2): 443–464.

Barkin, K. (1970), “A Case Study in Comparative History: Populism in

Germany and America”, in H.J. Bass (ed.), The State of American History, Chicago: Quadrangle Books, pp. 373–404.

Bell, J.D. (1977), Peasants in Power: Alexander Stamboliski and the Bulgarian Agrarian National Union, 1899-1923, Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Betz, H-G. (1994), Radical Right-Wing Populism in Western Europe, New York: St Martin’s Press.

Brown, B. (1994), “The Popular, the Populist, and the Populace—Locating Hamlin Garland in the Politics of Culture”, Arizona Quarterly: A Journal of American Literature, Culture, and Theory, 50(3): 89–110.

Brubaker, R. (2019), “Populism and Nationalism”, Nations and Nationalism. https://doi.org/10.1111/nana.12522.

Caiani, M., C. Ondřej (eds. 2019), Radical Right Movement Parties in Europe, Oxon: Routledge.

Canovan, M. (2002), “Taking Politics to the People: Populism as the Ideology of Democracy”, in Y. Mény and Y. Surel (eds.), Democracies and the Populist Challenge, Basingstoke: Palgrave, pp. 25–44.

Canovan, M. (1981), Populism, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

Caramani, D. (2017), “Will vs. Reason: The Populist and Technocratic Forms of Political Representation and Their Critique to Party Government”, American Political Science Review, 111(1): 54–67.

Castañeda, J.G. (2006), “Latin America’s Left Turn”, Foreign Affairs, 85(3): 28–43.

Castanho Silva, B., S. Jungkunz, M. Helbling, and L. Littvay (2019), “An Empirical Comparison of Seven Populist Attitudes Scales.” Political Research Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1177/1065912919833176.

Conniff, M.L. (2012), “Introduction”, in Conniff, M.L. (ed.), Populism in Latin America (Second Edition), Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press, pp. 1–22.

De Cleen, B, Y. Stavrakakis (2017), “Distinctions and Articulations: A Discourse Theoretical Framework for the Study of Populism and Nationalism”, Javnost - The Public, 24(4): 301–319.

de la Torre, C., C.J. Arnson (2013), “Introduction: The Evolution of Latin American Populism and the Debates Over Its Meaning”, in de la

Torre, C., C.J. Arnson (eds.), Latin American Populism 2in the Twenty-First Century, Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, pp. 1–35.

Dornbusch, R., S. Edwards (eds. 1991), The Macroeconomics of Populism in Latin America, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Eyerman, R., A. Jamison (1998), Music and Social Movements: Mobilizing Traditions in the Twentieth Century, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gamper Sachse, D. (2018), “Ambivalences of Populism: The Case of Catalan Independentism”, Social Science Information, 57(4): 573–587.

Glad, P.W. (1964), McKinley, Bryan, and the People, Philadelphia & New York: Lippincott.

Goertz, G. (2006), Social Science Concepts: A User’s Guide, Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Goodwin, J., J.M. Jasper (1999), “Caught in a Winding, Snarling Vine: The Structural Bias of Political Process Theory”, Sociological Forum, 14(1): 27–54.

Goodwyn, L. (1976), Democratic Promise: The Populist Moment in America, New York: Oxford University Press.

Hawkins, K.A. (2010), Venezuela’s Chavismo and Populism in Comparative Perspective, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Heinisch, R.C., C. Holtz-Bacha, and O. Mazzoleni (eds. 2017), Political Populism: A Handbook, Baden-Baden: Nomos.

Hennessy, A. (1969), “Latin America”, in G. Ionescu, E. Gellner (eds.), Populism: Its Meanings and National Characteristics, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, pp. 28–61.

Hicks, J.D. (1931), The Populist Revolt: A History of the Farmers’ Alliance and the People’s Party, Minneapolis: The University of Minnesota Press.

Hofstadter, R. (1955), The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F.D.R., New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Johnston, H. (2005), “Comparative Frame Analysis”, in H. Johnston, J.A. Noakes (eds.), Frames of Protest: Social Movements and the Framing Perspective, Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, pp. 237–260.

Klinghard, D.P. (2005), “Grover Cleveland, William McKinley, and the Emergence of the President as Party Leader”, Presidential Studies Quarterly, 35(4): 736–760.

Knight, A. (1998), “Populism and Neo-Populism in Latin America, Especially Mexico”, Journal of Latin American Studies, 30(2): 223–248.

Laclau, E. (2005), On Populist Reason, London: Verso.

Levitsky, S., J. Loxton (2013), “Populism and Competitive Authoritarianism in the Andes”, Democratization, 20(1): 107–136.

Littlefield, H. M. (1964), “The Wizard of Oz: Parable on Populism”, American Quarterly, 16(1): 47–58.

Macron, E. (2017), “Macron: ‘Appelez-Moi Populiste Si Vous Voulez’”, Le Journal Du Dimanche. https://www.lejdd.fr/Politique/Macron-Appelez-moi-populiste-si-vous-voulez-855110, accessed December 30, 2019.

Mazzoleni, G. (2008), “Populism and the Media”, in D. Albertazzi, D. McDonnell (eds.), Twenty-First Century Populism: The Spectre of Western European Democracy, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 49–64.

Moffitt, B. (2016), The Global Rise of Populism: Performance, Political Style, and Representation, Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Mouzelis, N. (1978), Modern Greece: Facets of Underdevelopment, London: Macmillan.

Mudde, C. (2000), “In the Name of the Peasantry, the Proletariat, and the People: Populisms in Eastern Europe”, East European Politics & Societies, 15(1): 33–53.

Mudde, C. (2004), “The Populist Zeitgeist”, Government and

Opposition, 39(4): 542–563.

Mudde, C. (2007), Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Mudde, C. (2013), “Three Decades of Populist Radical Right Parties in Western Europe: So What?”, European Journal of Political Research, 52(1): 1–19.

Mudde, C., C. Rovira Kaltwasser (2014), “Populism and Political Leadership”, in R.A.W. Rhodes, P. t’ Hart (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Political Leadership, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 376–388.

Mudde, C., C. Rovira Kaltwasser (2017), Populism: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Pre

Mudde, C., C. Rovira Kaltwasser (2018), “Studying Populism in Comparative Perspective: Reflections on the Contemporary and Future Research Agenda”, Comparative Political Studies, 51(13): 1667–1693.

Müller, J-W. (2016), What Is Populism?, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Norris, P., R. Inglehart (2019), Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit, and Authoritarian Populism, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Narkiewicz, O.A. (1976), The Green Flag: Polish Populist Politics, 1867-1970, Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Littlefield.

Ostiguy, P. (2017), “Populism: A Socio-Cultural Approach”, in C. Rovira Kaltwasser, P.A. Taggart, P. Ochoa Espejo, and P. Ostiguy (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 73–97.

Panizza, F. (2005), “Introduction: Populism and the Mirror of Democracy”, in F. Panizza (ed.), Populism and the Mirror of Democracy, London: Verso, pp. 1–31.

Pappas, T.S. (2016a), “Are Populist Leaders ‘Charismatic’? The Evidence from Europe”, Constellations, 23(3): 378–390.

Pappas, T.S. (2016b), “The Specter Haunting Europe: Distinguishing Liberal Democracy’s Challengers”, Journal of Democracy, 27(4): 22–36.

Pappas, T.S. (2019), Populism and Liberal Democracy: A Comparative and Theoretical Analysis, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Phelps, G.A. (1979), “The ‘Populist’ Films of Frank Capra”, Journal of American Studies, 13(3): 377–392.

Postel, C. (2007), The Populist Vision, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Roberts, K.M. (1995), “Neoliberalism and the Transformation of Populism in Latin America: The Peruvian Case”, World Politics, 48(1): 82–116.

Rooduijn, M. (2019), “State of the Field: How to Study Populism and Adjacent Topics? A Plea for Both More and Less Focus”, European Journal of Political Research, 58(1): 362–372.

Rovira Kaltwasser, C., P. Taggart, P. Ochoa Espejo, and P. Ostiguy (2017), “Populism”, in C. Rovira Kaltwasser, P.A. Taggart, P. Ochoa Espejo, and P. Ostiguy (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 1–24.

Shils, E.A. (1956), The Torment of Secrecy: The Background and Consequences of American Security Policies, Glencoe, IL: Free Press.

Simkins, W.S. (2006), John Steinbeck’s Populist Aesthetic, Hattiesburg: University of Southern Mississippi.

Snow, D.A., R.D. Benford (1988), “Ideology, Frame Resonance, and Participant Mobilization”, International Social Movement Research, 1(1): 197–217.

Snow, D.A., E.B. Rochford, S.K. Worden, and R.D. Benford (1986), “Frame Alignment Processes, Micromobilization, and Movement Participation”, American Sociological Review, 51(4): 464–481.

Stavrakakis, Y., G. Katsambekis, N. Nikisianis, A. Kioupkiolis, and T. Siomos (2017), “Extreme Right-Wing Populism in Europe: Revisiting a Reified Association”, Critical Discourse Studies, 14(4): 420–439.

Taguieff, P‐A. (1984), “La Rhétorique Du National-Populisme: Les Règles Élémentaires de La Propagande Xénophobe”, Mots, 9: 113–139.

Tarrow, S. (1992), “Mentalities, Political Cultures, and Collective Action Frames: Constructing Meanings Through Actions”, in A.D. Morris, C. McClurg Mueller (eds.), Frontiers in Social Movement Theory, New Haven: Yale University Press, pp. 174–202.

Urbinati, N. (2019), “Political Theory of Populism”, Annual Review of Political Science, 22: 111–127.

Venturi, F. (1960), Roots of Revolution: A History of the Populist and Socialist Movements in Nineteenth Century Russia, New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Vicari, S. (2010), “Measuring Collective Action Frames: A Linguistic Approach to Frame Analysis”, Poetics, 38(5): 504–525.

Weyland, K. (1996), “Neopopulism and Neoliberalism in Latin America: Unexpected Affinities”, Studies in Comparative International Development, 31(3): 3–31.

Weyland, K. (2001), “Clarifying a Contested Concept: Populism in the Study of Latin American Politics”, Comparative Politics, 34(1): 1–22.

Weyland, K. (2017), “Populism: A Political-Strategic Approach”, in C. Rovira Kaltwasser, P.A. Taggart, P. Ochoa Espejo, and P. Ostiguy (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 48–72.

Woods, D. (2014), “The Many Faces of Populism: Diverse but Not Disparate”, in D. Woods, B. Wejnert (eds.), The Many Faces of Populism: Current Perspectives, Bingley: Emerald, pp. 1–26.

Zuo, J., R.D. Benford (1995), “Mobilization Processes and the 1989 Chinese Democracy Movement”, The Sociological Quarterly, 36(1): 131–156.


Full Text: PDF

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.
کاغذ a4

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate 3.0 Italia License.